Here’s a bit of what i know... The front door area of a home/apartment where a Ring doorbell camera records video is not a place where most people expect privacy. Thus, you will not likely face criminal charges for using a Ring doorbell, nor can another party expect privacy in these commonly shared areas.
There is a reasonable expectation of privacy inside a apartment, bedroom, or bathroom, but external hallways, walkways, entries, and other such areas are not reasonably assumed to have privacy.
Audio, however, is a different matter.
Do Ring Doorbells Violate Wiretapping Laws? (PC 632)
Wiretapping laws under California Penal Code Section 632 require that you receive consent from a person to record his or her voice. The law also states that it is illegal to record a “confidential communication,” which is any communication meant to be heard only by the parties involved.
If you are using a Ring doorbell camera, the simplest way to avoid facing wiretapping charges under PC 632 is to turn off audio recording. If you don’t want to do that, it may be a good idea to notify friends, family and mail carriers that their voice may be recorded when they are near your front door.
Though it is illegal under California wiretapping laws to record another person without his or her knowledge and consent, most people use doorbell cameras for security purposes. Unless you are deliberately using a recording for exploitive or commercial purposes, you face little risk of facing charges for violating wiretapping laws through your everyday use of a doorbell camera.
As video surveillance is common place these days, the expectation of privacy, even in audio communications is limited to within structure and not externally.
As a precaution many communities have installed warning signs in common areas, the offices, etc. that state that video and/or audio recording devices are located in the common areas of the community including walkways, stairwells, and entry corridors thus limiting their potential exposure while still providing a reasonable notice to any parties who enter the community.
Hope this helps.